Question 14: Based on the information in paragraph 1, which of the following best explains the term abstract symbolic reasoning?

1. *  The idea that younger children are less intelligent that older children
2. *  The idea that younger children are less physically developed than older children.
3. *  The idea that younger children are less socially developed than older children
4. *  The idea that biological development affects the intellectual development of children

Question 15: The word coined in the passage is closest in meaning to

1. *  discovered
2. *  evaluated
3. *  created
4. *  realized

Question 16: According to paragraph 2, all of the following are accurate statements about Piaget EXCEPT:

1. *  Piaget’s views as a biologist affected his work on child development.
2. *  Piaget discovered that the child’s biological development is connected to his or her mental functioning.
3. *  Piaget noted that environmental factors played a role in child development, as well as biological factors.
4. *  Piaget was the first scientist to investigate child development.

Question 17: The word incipience in the passage is closest in meaning to

1. *  beginning
2. *  early
3. *  cognitive
4. *  interactive

Question 18: The word egocentric in the passage is closest in meaning to

1. *  extroverted
2. *  self-centered
3. *  illogical
4. *  underdeveloped

Question 19: Look at the four stars { * } that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage.

Further, as schemes become more complex due to this cycle of interaction and adaptation, they are termed “structures.”

1. *  { A * }
2. *  { B * }
3. *  { C * }
4. *  { D * }

Question 20: Which of the sentences below is the best paraphrase of the following sentence from paragraph 3?

Noting that while other animals continued to deploy their in-born schemes throughout the entire duration of their lives, Piaget hypothesized that human beings’ pre-existing, innate schemes compete with, and ultimately diverge from, constructed schemes, which are socially-acquired in the environmental adaptation process.

1. *  Piaget theorized that, unlike the schemes of other animals, human being’s schemes are primarily acquired in the socialization process.
2. *  In contrast to other animals, human beings use their innate schemes throughout their lifetimes, rather than departing from constructed schemes.
3. *  The process by which human beings acquired schemes is different than that of other animals because human beings acquire schemes during the socialization process, and these acquired schemes bifurcate from their innate schemes.
4. *  Piaget noted that human beings differ to other animals since they do not rely only on in-born cognitive mechanisms.

Question 21: The words the latter function in the passage refer to

1. *  assimilation
2. *  transformation
3. *  conformance
4. *  accommodation

Question 22: Why does the author mention bottle feeding in paragraph 4 of the passage?

1. *  To identify one of the important features of assimilation.
2. *  To exemplify the assimilation process
3. *  To describe the importance of assimilation
4. *  To explain difficulties children face during assimilation

Question 23: According to the passage, which of the following statements best characterizes the sensorimotor stage?

1. *  The growth of the child’s intelligence in this stage depends predominantly on his or her verbal ability.
2. *  The skills obtained during this stage are of less importance than those achieved during later developmental stages.
3. *  During this stage, the child learns how his or her mobility relates to language.
4. *  The child’s cognitive development in this stage is achieved through physical movement in his or her environment.

Question 24: Based on the information in paragraphs 6 and 7, what can be inferred about child development?

1. *  Before the child enters the concrete operational stage, his or her thinking is largely rigid and unsystematic.
2. *  The conceptualization of symbols is not as important as the conceptualization of numbers.
3. *  The child becomes more egocentric during the concrete operational stage.
4. *  Memory and language become less important during the concrete operational stage.

Question 25: According to the passage, the formal operational stage

1. *  is the result of poor economic conditions.
2. *  has not yet been finished by many individuals around the world.
3. *  is an important global problem.
4. *  in no way is connected to the availability of education.

Question 26: What is the author's main purpose?

1. *  To provide biographical information about Jean Piaget
2. *  To discuss the significant aspects of Jean Piaget's theories on child development
3. *  To criticize the research of Jean Piaget
4. *  To point out flaws in current child development theory